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Programs that provide for the close surveillance and control of offenders released into the community but still under the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system. Intensive supervision programs vary from state to state, mandate a high level of contact with correctional officers; and may involve requirements for counseling, education, drug treatment, random drug testing, community service and/or restitution; electronic monitoring and adherence to nightly curfews. Targets may include violent offenders, repeat offenders, drug offenders, sex offenders, domestic violence offenders, violent gang offenders and people who have violated the terms and conditions of their probation or parole.